The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.